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برق و الکترونیک::
امید ریاضی
This symmetry will be helpful when we evaluate integrals that give us the expectation values for position and momentum.
To evaluate Ax, we will need to calculate the expectation value of the observable x associated with the
position operator xˆ and the expectation value of the observable x2 associated with the
The expectation values x and x2 for the system in the ground state are now easy to evaluate.
We start by writing down the expectation value in integral form:
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